In May 2025, total domestic electricity generation reached 1,306.7 GWh, missing the forecast by 228.7 GWh (14.9%). Of this, renewable energy sources contributed 1,306.7 GWh, which was 228.6 GWh (14.9%) less than planned. As expected, thermal power generation was 0 GWh. Imports accounted for 13.67 GWh, while 201.34 GWh of energy was exported during the month, - according to the report published by OMNIA.
The net electricity consumption in May 2025 was 1,017.0 GWh. Wholesale customers consumed 295.3 GWh, retail customers 552.0 GWh, and the occupied territory of Abkhazia 169.7 GWh. Distribution system losses totalled 53.7 GWh, while the Georgian State Electrosystem purchased an additional 28.2 GWh to cover transmission losses. Hydropower plants consumed 1.7 GWh during shutdown periods.
Georgia's planned net consumption for May 2025 was 1,090.1 GWh, which was 19.4 GWh (or 1.8%) higher than the actual consumption. Planned distribution system operator (DSO) and transmission system operator (TSO) losses were 8.8 GWh, which was 10.7% higher than the actual figure. However, DSO losses were 53.7 GWh (13.5%) lower and TSO losses were 1.6 GWh (5.6%) lower than planned.
In Georgia, electricity is mainly traded through bilateral agreements. There is an option for hourly day-ahead trading, but the settlement period remains one calendar month. The difference between actual consumption and the amount purchased under bilateral contracts and the DAM is managed as balancing energy. Balancing energy also includes electricity generated under PPAs and imports.
In May 2025, the total volume of balancing energy was 266.4 GWh, accounting for 20.4% of the total net electricity traded. This was a 2.9% decrease on May 2024 and an 8.3% decrease on the 12-month average.
The balancing energy price was 136.30 GEL/GWh, whereas deregulated power plants received 40.21 GEL/GWh. Compared to May 2024, the balancing energy price increased by 12.20 GEL/GWh (9.8%).
The total volume of energy traded on GENEX from July 2024 to May 2025 reached 73.9 GWh, with a total cost of 9.8 million GEL at an average weighted price of 132.98 GEL/MWh.
The highest trading volume on the GENEX platform occurred on 25 July 2024, when 123.4 GWh of electricity was traded at a price of 126.43 GEL/GWh. The lowest trading volume was recorded on 30 May 2025, with 3.7 MWh of electricity traded at a price of 128.98 GEL/MWh.
The highest price recorded during this period was 151.13 GEL/GWh on 16 April 2025, when the trading volume was 20.6 MWh.
The lowest price recorded during this period was 124.0 GEL/GWh during various MTUs in May 2025. However, the lowest volume traded at this price was 47.1 MWh on 8 May 2025 at 04:00 CET, while the highest volume reached 91.6 MWh on 12 May 2025 at 05:00 CET.
Power transit through Georgia resumed after being suspended in October 2024. In May 2025, 43.2 GWh was transmitted through the Georgian system from Azerbaijan to Türkiye. The total volume of electricity transited over the past 12 months was 965.8 GWh.
